- Dr.Vikhe Patil Foundation
IUCCA Lecture Demonstration Programme
Date: 9th August, 2014.
Venue: Chandrasekhar Auditorium, IUCAA
Topic: The World of Telescopes
Speaker: Mr. Samir Dhurde, IUCAA
Representative teacher- Mrs. Monika Mishra

Madhav Rawal-XB
Prathamesh Vyas-XA
Yash Kothadiya-XB
Anirudh Karnik-VIII B
Sarthak Kapoor-VIII B
Om Nankar-VIII C
Saahil Behere-VIII C
Shreshtha Kulkarni-VIII B
Atharva Dongre-IX B
Atharva Chavan-IX A
Nupur Lanjekar-VIII B
Shown pictures of Milky Way Galaxy.
Bioluminescence-The biochemical emission of light by living organisms such as glow-worms and deep-sea fish.
Aim of a Telescope-
Making distant objects look-
-Bigger
-Brighter
-Sharper than they appear to your eye
b) It is like a funnel collects light.
6. Different types of Telescopes
The earliest recorded working telescopes were the refracting telescopes that appeared in the Netherlands in 1608. Their development is credited to three individuals: Hans Lippershey and Zacharias Janssen, who were spectacle makers in Middelburg, and Jacob Metius of Alkmaar. Galileo heard about the Dutch telescope in June 1609, built his own within a month, and greatly improved upon the design in the following year.
The idea that the objective, or light-gathering element, could be a mirror instead of a lens was being investigated soon after the invention of the refracting telescope. The potential advantages of using parabolic mirrors—reduction of spherical aberration and no chromatic aberration—led to many proposed designs and several attempts to build reflecting telescopes. In 1668, Isaac Newton built the first practical reflecting telescope, of a design which now bears his name, the Newtonian reflector.
Refractor- Atazmuth
Compound- Equatorial Fork
Newtonian Reflector- German Equatorial
Refracting
Commonly known as refractors, telescopes of this kind are used to examine the visible-light region of the electromagnetic spectrum. Typical uses include viewing the Moon, other objects of the solar system such as Jupiter and Mars, and double stars. The name refractor is derived from the term refraction, which is the bending of light when it passes from one medium to another of different density–e.g., from air to glass. The glass is referred to as a lens and may have one or more components. The physical shape of the components may be convex, concave, or plane-parallel. Figure illustrates the principle of refraction and the term focal length. The focus is the point, or plane, at which light rays from infinity converge after passing through a lens and traveling a distance of one focal length. In a refractor, the first lens through which light from a celestial object passes is called the objective lens. It should be noted that the light will be inverted at the focal plane. A second lens, referred to as the eyepiece lens, is placed behind the focal plane and enables the observer to view the enlarged, or magnified, image. Thus, the simplest form of refractor consists of an objective and an eyepiece.
Reflecting
A reflecting telescope (also called a reflector) is an optical telescope which uses a single or combination of curved mirrors that reflect light and form an image. The reflecting telescope was invented in the 17th century as an alternative to the refracting telescope which, at that time, was a design that suffered from severe chromatic aberration. Although reflecting telescopes produce other types of optical aberrations, it is a design that allows for very large diameter objectives. Almost all of the major telescopes used in astronomy research are reflectors. Reflecting telescopes come in many design variations and may employ extra optical elements to improve image quality or place the image in a mechanically advantageous position. Since reflecting telescopes use mirrors, the design is sometimes referred to as a “catoptric” telescope.
World’s largest reflector
Diameter- 40 inches (102 cm)
Yerkes observatory, Wisconsin, USA.
7. Explained the electromagnetic spectrum-
8. Explained Nebula
9. Andomeda Galaxy (closest)
10. Vainu Bappu Telescope(Indian)-
Manali Kallat Vainu Bappu (August 10, 1927 – August 19, 1982) was an Indian astronomer and president of the International Astronomical Union. Bappu helped establish several astronomical institutions in India——including the Vainu Bappu Observatory named after him—and also contributed to the establishment of the modern Indian Institute of Astrophysics. In 1957, he discovered the Wilson-Bappu effect jointly with American astronomer Olin Chaddock Wilson.
He is regarded as the father of modern Indian astronomy.
Hanle Chandra Telescope
IUCAA Girawali Observatory
Udaipur Solar Observatory
ARIES, Manorapeak, Nainital
GMRT, Narayangaon
HAGAR, Hanle
Astrosat (satellite)
Gran Telescopio Canaries
Diameter-10.4m(largest area used), Spain
Keck Telescopes,
Mauna KeaHawai, USA
Very Large Telescopes,
Paranal, Chile
Diameter-8.2mX4Units
Large Binocular Telescope(largest)
Arizona, USA,
Diameter-8.4X2Units
South African Largest Telescope
Diameter-11mX9.8m
Suthernland, RSA
Hobby Eberly Telescope
Suthernland, RSA
Diameter-11mX9.8m
Construction pic of telescopes
European Extremely Large Telescope
Paranal, Chile
Diameter- 39.3m
Thirty Meter Telescope
Diameter-30m
Maunakea, Hawaii, USA
(13 International Telescopes)
Adaptive optics(creating artificial star)